\u0130mam Hasan, M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n Mekke\u2019den Medine\u2019ye hicretinin 3. y\u0131l\u0131nda do\u011fmu\u015ftur. Hangi ayda do\u011fdu\u011fu konusunda ihtilaf olmakla birlikte, \u015e\u00e2ban ay\u0131nda (Ocak-\u015eubat 625) veya Ramazan ay\u0131n\u0131n 15\u2019inde (1 Mart) Medine\u2019de do\u011fdu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenmektedir. \u0130mam Ali ona Harb ismini koymak istemi\u015f ancak Hz. Peygamber, C\u00e2hiliye d\u00f6neminde bilinmeyen Hasan ad\u0131n\u0131 ve Eb\u00fb Muhammed k\u00fcnyesini vermi\u015ftir. Ayr\u0131ca Peygamberin, \u0130mam Hasan\u2019\u0131n do\u011fumunun yedinci g\u00fcn\u00fcnde ak\u00eeka kurban\u0131 kesti\u011fi ve Hz. F\u00e2t\u0131ma\u2019dan sa\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131nca fakirlere g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f da\u011f\u0131tmas\u0131n\u0131 istedi\u011fi bilinmektedir. Kaynaklar, Hz. Muhammed\u2019e \u00e7ok benzedi\u011fini s\u00f6ylemektedir.
\n\u0130mam Hasan, karde\u015fi \u0130mam H\u00fcseyin\u2019le beraber Osman\u2019\u0131n halifeli\u011fi d\u00f6neminde Horasan\u2019a d\u00fczenlenen sefere (29 veya 30 \/ 650 veya 651) kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Osman\u2019a kar\u015f\u0131 ba\u015flayan isyan s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u0130mam Ali taraf\u0131ndan yine karde\u015fiyle birlikte Osman\u2019\u0131 isyanc\u0131lara kar\u015f\u0131 korumak ve evine su ta\u015f\u0131makla g\u00f6revlendirilmi\u015ftir.
\n\u0130mam Ali halife olduktan sonra Hasan, Talha b. Ubeydullah ve Z\u00fcbeyr b. Avv\u00e2m\u2019\u0131n Ali\u2019ye isyan etmeleri \u00fczerine, K\u00fbfeliler\u2019i \u0130mam Ali\u2019nin yan\u0131nda hareket etmeye davet i\u00e7in Amm\u00e2r b. Y\u00e2sir ile birlikte K\u00fbfe\u2019ye gitmi\u015ftir. Hem Cemel Vak\u2018as\u0131 hem de S\u0131ff\u00een Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019nda babas\u0131yla hareket etmi\u015ftir. \u0130mam Ali \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre \u00f6nce Hasan\u2019a biat etmek isteyenlere, \u201cBunu ne emreder ne de nehyederim\u201d demi\u015ftir. Ancak hem Aleviler hem de \u015ei\u00eeler \u0130mam Ali\u2019nin onu veliaht tayin etti\u011fine inanmaktad\u0131r. \u0130mam Ali\u2019nin \u015fehid edilmesinin ard\u0131ndan (19 veya 21 Ramazan 40 \/ 26 veya 28 Ocak 661) Ubeydullah b. Abbas b. Abd\u00fclmuttalib, K\u00fbfeliler\u2019i halife olarak \u0130mam Hasan\u2019a biata davet etmi\u015f ve bir iki g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde kendisine binlerce Kufeli biat etmi\u015ftir. \u0130mam Hasan, K\u00fbfe\u2019de halka hitaben yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 konu\u015fmada Ehl-i beyt\u2019in meziyetlerinden ve Hz. Peygamber\u2019e olan yak\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan s\u00f6z etmi\u015f ve ona ilk biat eden Kays b. Sa\u2018d b. Ub\u00e2de el-Ens\u00e2r\u00ee olmu\u015ftur.
\n\u0130mam Ali\u2019nin \u015fehid edildi\u011fini ve Hasan\u2019\u0131n halife se\u00e7ildi\u011fini duyan Mu\u00e2viye b. Eb\u00fb S\u00fcfy\u00e2n, onun taraftarlar\u0131n\u0131 ve K\u00fbfeliler\u2019i kendi saf\u0131na \u00e7ekmek i\u00e7in yo\u011fun bir faaliyet ba\u015flatm\u0131\u015f ve Suriye, Filistin ve el-Cez\u00eere kuvvetlerinden olu\u015fan bir ordu haz\u0131rlatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu s\u0131rada, anla\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n bar\u0131\u015f yoluyla \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlenmesi konusunda mektupla\u015fmalar ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015f, ancak bu yaz\u0131\u015fmalar durumu gerginle\u015ftirmekten ba\u015fka bir i\u015fe yaramam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Mu\u00e2viye,, Musul\u2019a ula\u015f\u0131p orada konaklay\u0131nca Hz. Hasan, Ubeydullah b. Abbas kumandas\u0131nda 12.000 ki\u015filik bir \u00f6nc\u00fc birli\u011fini ona kar\u015f\u0131 g\u00f6ndermi\u015ftir. Ancak, ordusundaki sava\u015fa kar\u015f\u0131 isteksizli\u011fi sezince, bir konu\u015fma yaparak asl\u0131nda hi\u00e7bir M\u00fcsl\u00fcmana kar\u015f\u0131 k\u00f6t\u00fc hisler beslemedi\u011fini, adamlar\u0131n\u0131n pek \u00e7o\u011funun sava\u015ftan ho\u015flanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildi\u011fini, bunun i\u00e7in de onlar\u0131n arzu etmedikleri bir \u015feyle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kalmalar\u0131n\u0131 istemedi\u011fini s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir. B\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u015fa\u015fk\u0131nl\u0131k yaratan bu s\u00f6zler \u00fczerine H\u00e2ric\u00eeler\u2019in g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini benimseyen bir grup, \u201cHasan da babas\u0131 gibi k\u00fcfre d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u201d diyerek \u0130mam Hasan\u2019\u0131n \u00fczerine y\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bunun \u00fczerine Hz. Hasan, Reb\u00eea ve Hemd\u00e2n kabilelerine mensup s\u00e2d\u0131k adamlar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131na s\u0131\u011f\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu s\u0131rada Mu\u00e2viye, bir yandan \u0130mam Hasan\u2019\u0131n taraftarlar\u0131nca tartaklan\u0131p yaraland\u0131\u011f\u0131 haberini etrafa yayarken di\u011fer taraftan Enb\u00e2r\u2019da onun \u00f6nc\u00fc kumandan\u0131 Ubeydullah b. Abbas ile Kays b. Sa\u2018d\u2019\u0131 ku\u015fatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Mu\u00e2viye\u2019nin \u00f6nc\u00fc kumandan\u0131 Abdullah b. \u00c2mir de Med\u00e2in\u2019e giderek \u015fehrin d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kan Hasan\u2019\u0131n ordusunun kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda mevzilenmi\u015f ve onlara Mu\u00e2viye\u2019nin de Enb\u00e2r\u2019\u0131 ku\u015fatt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, asl\u0131nda sava\u015f niyeti ta\u015f\u0131mad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ve \u0130mam Hasan da dahil olmak \u00fczere, onlara s\u0131\u011f\u0131nanlar\u0131n hayatlar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir. Bu s\u00f6zleri duyan \u00e7o\u011funluk sava\u015ftan ka\u00e7\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belli etmi\u015f ve \u0130mam Hasan da Med\u00e2in\u2019e d\u00f6nerek hil\u00e2feti Mu\u00e2viye\u2019ye teslim etmek i\u00e7in \u015fartlar\u0131 Abdullah b. \u00c2mir\u2019e bildirmi\u015ftir. \u0130leri s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u015fartlardan baz\u0131lar\u0131 \u015funlard\u0131r: \u0130ntikam i\u00e7in Irakl\u0131lar\u2019dan hi\u00e7 kimse tutuklanmayacak, Milliyetine bak\u0131lmaks\u0131z\u0131n herkes emniyet i\u00e7inde olacaki \u0130\u015flenmi\u015f su\u00e7lar\u0131n tamam\u0131 affedilecek, \u0130mam Ali\u2019ye s\u00f6v\u00fclmeyecek ve Mu\u00e2viye\u2019nin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc halinde hilafet \u0130mam Hasan\u2019a iade edilecek. Muaviye bu \u015fartlar\u0131 kabul etmi\u015ftir. B\u00f6ylece \u0130mam Hasan, karde\u015fi H\u00fcseyin\u2019in \u015fiddetle kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen Mu\u00e2viye ile anla\u015farak kan d\u00f6k\u00fclmesini \u00f6nlemi\u015f ve insanlar\u0131n k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre i\u00e7in de olsa bar\u0131\u015f ve huzur i\u00e7inde ya\u015famalar\u0131na vesile olmu\u015ftur. \u0130mam Hasan daha sonra ailesiyle birlikte Medine\u2019ye gitmi\u015f ve hayat\u0131n\u0131n geri kalan k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 siyasetten uzak bir \u015fekilde ge\u00e7irmi\u015ftir. Ancak, rivayete g\u00f6re Yez\u00eed b. Mu\u00e2viye ile evlendirilmek vaadiyle kand\u0131r\u0131lan e\u015flerinden Ca\u2018de bint E\u015f\u2018as b. Kays taraf\u0131ndan zehirlenmi\u015f ve 28 Safer 49 (7 Nisan 669) tarihinde vefat etmi\u015ftir. \u00d6lmeden \u00f6nce karde\u015fi H\u00fcseyin\u2019e Res\u00fbl-i Ekrem\u2019in yan\u0131na, bu m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 takdirde Cennet\u00fc\u2019l-bak\u012b\u2018da annesinin yan\u0131na g\u00f6m\u00fclmesini vasiyet etmi\u015f, Merv\u00e2n b. Hakem birinci teklife kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in Cennet\u00fc\u2019l-bak\u012b\u2018da annesinin yan\u0131na defnedilmi\u015ftir.
\n\u201cM\u00fccteb\u00e2, Tak\u012b, Zek\u00ee\u201d ve \u201cS\u0131bt\u201d lakaplar\u0131yla tan\u0131nan \u0130mam Hasan, halim selim, c\u00f6mert, sakin, vakarl\u0131, siyaset ve fitneden ka\u00e7\u0131nan bir yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015fa sahipti. Onun hil\u00e2fette kal\u0131\u015f s\u00fcresi hakk\u0131nda farkl\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fler vard\u0131r; m\u00fcelliflerin bir k\u0131sm\u0131na g\u00f6re d\u00f6rt ay \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcn, bir k\u0131sm\u0131na g\u00f6re de alt\u0131 ay \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcn halifelik yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Mu\u00e2viye ile anla\u015fma 25 Reb\u00ee\u00fclevvel 41 (29 Temmuz 661) tarihinde yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re ikinci rivayetin daha isabetli olmas\u0131 gerekir.
\n\u00c7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 da ihtil\u00e2fl\u0131d\u0131r; k\u0131z erkek on iki, on be\u015f, on alt\u0131, on dokuz, yirmi ve yirmi iki \u00e7ocu\u011fu oldu\u011fu rivayet edilir. Kaynaklarda adlar\u0131 verilen \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 \u015funlard\u0131r: Zeyd, Hasan, K\u0101s\u0131m, Eb\u00fb Bekir, Abdullah, Amr, Abdurrahman, H\u00fcseyin, Muhammed, Ya\u2018k\u016bb, \u0130sm\u00e2il ve Talha. Tarih\u00e7iler, soyunun Hasan el-M\u00fcsenn\u00e2 ve Zeyd adl\u0131 \u00e7ocuklar\u0131yla devam etti\u011finde birle\u015firler. \u0130mam Hasan\u2019\u0131n soyundan gelenlere \u201c\u015ferif\u201d unvan\u0131 verilmi\u015ftir. Tarihte bunlar taraf\u0131ndan kurulan \u0130dr\u00ees\u00eeler, Ress\u00eeler, Sa\u2018d\u00eeler ve halen devam eden Fil\u00e2l\u00eeler ile (Fas) H\u00e2\u015fim\u00eeler (\u00dcrd\u00fcn) gibi bir\u00e7ok h\u00e2nedan vard\u0131r.
\nKaynaklar, Res\u00fbl-i Ekrem\u2019in \u201ccennetin efendileri\u201d dedi\u011fi ve haklar\u0131nda, \u201cAllah\u0131m, ben onlar\u0131 seviyorum, sen de sev!\u201d diye dua etti\u011fi iki torununu \u00e7ok sevdi\u011fini, isteklerini teredd\u00fcts\u00fcz yerine getirdi\u011fini, onlarla oyun oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, s\u0131rt\u0131na bindirip gezdirdi\u011fini, hatta secdede iken s\u0131rt\u0131na bindiklerinde ininceye kadar kalkmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtir ve onlara olan d\u00fc\u015fk\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6steren bir\u00e7ok rivayet naklederler. Bunlardan biri de \u015fudur: Bir g\u00fcn Hz. Peygamber minberde iken Hasan ile H\u00fcseyin\u2019in d\u00fc\u015fe kalka mescide girdiklerini g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f, konu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 yar\u0131da keserek a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 inip onlar\u0131 ba\u011fr\u0131na basm\u0131\u015f, \u201cCen\u00e2b-\u0131 Hak, \u2018Mallar\u0131n\u0131z ve \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131z sizin i\u00e7in birer imtihan vesilesidir\u2019 (et-Teg\u0101b\u00fcn 64\/15) derken ne kadar do\u011fru s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir, onlar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnce dayanamad\u0131m\u201d dedikten sonra konu\u015fmas\u0131na devam \u0130mam Hasan, Ehl-i beyt\u2019e ve \u00c2l-i ab\u00e2\u2019ya dahil olmas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda karde\u015fi H\u00fcseyin\u2019le birlikte Hz. Peygamber\u2019in neslini g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar devam ettiren iki ki\u015fiden biridir. Hasan ve H\u00fcseyin\u2019e duyulan sevgi ve \u015fefkat Res\u00fbl-i Ekrem\u2019in vefat\u0131ndan sonra da devam etmi\u015ftir.
\nAleviler aras\u0131nda \u0130mam Hasan, bizzat \u0130mam Ali taraf\u0131ndan tayin edilmi\u015f ikinci imam ve on d\u00f6rt \u201cma\u2018s\u00fbm-\u0131 p\u00e2k\u201din (\u00c7\u00e2rdeh Ma\u2018s\u00fbm-\u0131 P\u00e2k) d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fc olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr ve kendisine bir\u00e7ok keramet iz\u00e2fe edilir. Ancak baz\u0131 \u015ei\u00ee topluluklar\u0131 Mu\u00e2viye ile bar\u0131\u015f yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in ona kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f ve kendisini tenkit etmi\u015flerdir. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde \u0130ran ve Irak gibi \u015ei\u00eeler\u2019in ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerlerde, 28 Safer g\u00fcn\u00fc hem Hz. Peygamber\u2019in hem de \u0130mam Hasan\u2019\u0131n vefat\u0131 m\u00fcnasebetiyle din\u00ee t\u00f6renler yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.
\nRes\u00fbl-i Ekrem\u2019in torunu, \u0130mam Ali ve F\u00e2t\u0131ma\u2019n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck o\u011flu ve kan d\u00f6k\u00fclmesini istemeyerek hil\u00e2fetten feragat etmi\u015f bir ki\u015fi olan \u0130mam Hasan \u00fczerine geni\u015f bir literat\u00fcr te\u015fekk\u00fcl etmi\u015ftir. Onun hakk\u0131nda \u0130sl\u00e2m tarihi kaynaklar\u0131ndan ve biyografik eserlerden ba\u015fka m\u00fcstakil \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n da yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Res\u00fblullah\u2019\u0131n \u0130mam Hasan ve \u0130mam H\u00fcseyin hakk\u0131nda s\u00f6yledi\u011fi bir\u00e7ok hadis mevcuttur. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u0130mam Hasan, M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n Mekke\u2019den Medine\u2019ye hicretinin 3. y\u0131l\u0131nda do\u011fmu\u015ftur. Hangi ayda do\u011fdu\u011fu konusunda ihtilaf olmakla birlikte, \u015e\u00e2ban ay\u0131nda (Ocak-\u015eubat 625) veya Ramazan ay\u0131n\u0131n 15\u2019inde (1 Mart) Medine\u2019de do\u011fdu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenmektedir. \u0130mam Ali ona Harb ismini koymak istemi\u015f ancak Hz. Peygamber, C\u00e2hiliye d\u00f6neminde bilinmeyen Hasan ad\u0131n\u0131 ve Eb\u00fb Muhammed k\u00fcnyesini vermi\u015ftir. Ayr\u0131ca Peygamberin, \u0130mam Hasan\u2019\u0131n do\u011fumunun yedinci […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"doc_category":[34],"doc_tag":[],"class_list":["post-2259","docs","type-docs","status-publish","hentry","doc_category-alevilikte-oenemli-sahsiyetler"],"acf":[],"year_month":"2026-10","word_count":1544,"total_views":"3136","reactions":{"happy":"0","normal":"0","sad":"0"},"author_info":{"name":"redaktion","author_nicename":"redaktion","author_url":"https:\/\/alevipedia.org\/tr\/author\/redaktion\/"},"doc_category_info":[{"term_name":"Alevilikte \u00d6nemli \u015eahsiyetler","term_url":"https:\/\/alevipedia.org\/tr\/themen-kategorie\/alevilikte-oenemli-sahsiyetler\/"}],"doc_tag_info":[],"knowledge_base_info":[],"knowledge_base_slug":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/alevipedia.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/2259","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/alevipedia.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/alevipedia.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/docs"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alevipedia.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alevipedia.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2259"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/alevipedia.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/2259\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2261,"href":"https:\/\/alevipedia.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/2259\/revisions\/2261"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/alevipedia.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2259"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"doc_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alevipedia.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/doc_category?post=2259"},{"taxonomy":"doc_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alevipedia.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/doc_tag?post=2259"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}