<\/p>\n
\u00c2\u015f\u00fbr\u00e2 Arap\u00e7a on rakam\u0131yla ili\u015fkili olarak\u00a0a\u015fr<\/strong>\u00a0ve\u00a0\u00e2\u015fir<\/strong>\u00a0kelimelerinden t\u00fcretilmi\u015ftir. Baz\u0131 dilbilimcileri develerin g\u00fcd\u00fclmesi anlam\u0131na gelen Arap\u00e7a\u00a0\u0131\u015fr<\/strong>\u00a0k\u00f6k\u00fcnden t\u00fcredi\u011fini s\u00f6ylemekle birlikte, kabul edilen g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f on say\u0131s\u0131 ile ili\u015fkili oldu\u011fudur.<\/p>\n \u00c2\u015f\u00fbr\u00e2n\u0131n k\u00f6keni ile ilgili \u0130slam kaynaklar\u0131ndan birbirinden farkl\u0131 \u00e7ok say\u0131da fikir ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclmektedir. \u00c7o\u011funlu\u011fu varsay\u0131ma dayanan bu fikirlerden \u0130mam H\u00fcseyin\u2019in \u015fehadetiyle ilgisi bulunmayanlardan birincisi; \u00c2\u015f\u00fbr\u00e2n\u0131n, Hz. M\u00fbs\u00e2 ve kavmini Firavun\u2019un zulm\u00fcnden kurtard\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcn oldu\u011fu y\u00f6n\u00fcndedir ve Yahudiler bu g\u00fcn\u00fc oru\u00e7 tutarak ge\u00e7irirler. M\u00fcste\u015friklerin de benimsedi\u011fi bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fe g\u00f6re M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla da Alevilerin m\u00fcbarek bir g\u00fcn olarak kabul edip oru\u00e7 tuttuklar\u0131 A\u015f\u00fbr\u00e2 g\u00fcn\u00fc Yahudilik kaynakl\u0131d\u0131r.\u00a0Alevi inanc\u0131nda da yer yer zikredilen ikinci g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f ise \u00c2\u015f\u00fbr\u00e2n\u0131n, Hz. N\u00fbh\u2019un gemisinin karaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131yla ili\u015fkili oldu\u011fu y\u00f6n\u00fcndedir. Bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fe g\u00f6re Hz. Nuh\u2019tan itibaren b\u00fct\u00fcn S\u00e2m\u00ee dinlerde A\u015fura g\u00fcn\u00fc oru\u00e7 tutmak mevcuttur ve C\u00e2hiliye Araplar\u0131 da Hz. \u0130br\u00e2him\u2019den beri bug\u00fcn\u00fc kutsal kabul ederek oru\u00e7 tutmu\u015flard\u0131r. Bu konudaki rivayetlerden biri \u015fu \u015fekildedir: \u201c\u00c2\u015f\u00fbr\u00e2 C\u00e2hiliye devri insanlar\u0131n\u0131n oru\u00e7 tuttu\u011fu bir g\u00fcnd\u00fc. Res\u00fblullah\u2019a \u00e2\u015f\u00fbr\u00e2 konusu sorulmu\u015f, o da, \u2018\u00c2\u015f\u00fbr\u00e2 Allah\u2019\u0131n g\u00fcnlerinden bir g\u00fcnd\u00fcr, dileyen bu g\u00fcnde oru\u00e7 tutsun, dileyen tutmas\u0131n\u2019 buyurmu\u015ftur\u201d Ayr\u0131ca A\u015f\u00fbr\u00e2 g\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcn kutsiyetinden dolay\u0131 bu g\u00fcnde K\u00e2be \u00f6rt\u00fclerinin de\u011fi\u015ftirildi\u011fi rivayet edilmektedir. Araplar aras\u0131nda Hz. \u0130brahim\u2019in A\u015fure g\u00fcn\u00fc do\u011fdu\u011funa dair inan\u0131\u015flar bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n Di\u011fer taraftan S\u00fcnni M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar aras\u0131nda \u00c2\u015f\u00fbr\u00e2 g\u00fcn\u00fcne dair de\u011fi\u015fik rivayetler de bulunmaktad\u0131r. S\u00f6z konusu rivayetler bu g\u00fcn\u00fc: Hz. \u00c2dem\u2019in t\u00f6vbesinin kabul edildi\u011fi, Hz. Y\u00fbnus\u2019un bal\u0131\u011f\u0131n karn\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, Hz. M\u00fbs\u00e2 ve \u00ces\u00e2\u2019n\u0131n do\u011fdu\u011fu, Hz. S\u00fcleyman\u2019a m\u00fclk\u00fcn verildi\u011fi, Hz. D\u00e2v\u00fbd\u2019un t\u00f6vbesinin kabul edildi\u011fi, Hz. Peygamber\u2019in ge\u00e7mi\u015f ve gelecek b\u00fct\u00fcn g\u00fcnahlar\u0131n\u0131n affedilece\u011fine dair kendisine Allah taraf\u0131ndan teminat verildi\u011fi ve Mekke\u2019den Medine\u2019ye hicret etti\u011fi g\u00fcn olarak tavsif ederler. Ancak neredeyse tamam\u0131 uydurma olan bu t\u00fcrden rivayetlerin hi\u00e7bir do\u011frulu\u011fu yoktur.<\/p>\n Hz. Peygamberin Medine\u2019ye hicretten sonra Muharrem ay\u0131nda d\u00fczenli olarak oru\u00e7 tuttu\u011fu ve oru\u00e7tan haberdar olmayanlar i\u00e7in tellallar \u00e7\u0131kararak \u00e2\u015f\u00fbr\u00e2 orucunu halka duyurdu\u011fu, geceleyin kalkarak oruca niyet etmeyenlerin g\u00fcn\u00fcn yar\u0131s\u0131nda haberdar olsalar dahi o andan itibaren oruca ba\u015flamalar\u0131n\u0131 emretmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n A\u015fura g\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcn kayna\u011f\u0131na dair yukar\u0131daki iki rivayetin do\u011frulu\u011fu tart\u0131\u015fma konusuyken, tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131z olan ve A\u015fura g\u00fcn\u00fcnde ger\u00e7ekleti\u011fi kesin olan tek \u015fey; \u0130mam H\u00fcseyin\u2019in 10 Muharrem 61\u2019de (10 Ekim 680) Kerbel\u00e2\u2019da \u015fehid edilmesidir. \u0130mam H\u00fcseyin\u2019in bu g\u00fcnde Yezit taraftarlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan katledilmesi, \u0130mam H\u00fcseyin\u2019i sevenler taraf\u0131ndan A\u015fura g\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcn ac\u0131lar\u0131n tazelendi\u011fi bir matem g\u00fcn\u00fc olarak kabul edilmesine vesile olmu\u015ftur. Bu g\u00fcn\u00fc sadece Aleviler de\u011fil, \u015eii ve \u0130smaililer de Matem g\u00fcn\u00fc olarak kabul etmektedir. Hatta \u015ei\u00eeler, her y\u0131l d\u00f6v\u00fcnerek, kendilerine i\u015fkence yaparak bu g\u00fcnde matem orucu tutmaktad\u0131rlar. Zincirlerle kendilerine vurma adetinin ilk olarak F\u00e2t\u0131m\u00ee devleti zaman\u0131nda devlet merasimleriyle ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi, daha sonra bu merasimlerin \u015eiile\u015fen \u0130ran\u2019da da gelenek halini ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenmektedir. Ali taraftar\u0131 t\u00fcm gruplar\u0131n matem g\u00fcn\u00fc olarak kabul ettikleri \u00c2\u015f\u00fbr\u00e2, Emev\u00eeler taraf\u0131ndan Kerbel\u00e2 facias\u0131n\u0131 unutturmak maksad\u0131yla bayram kabul etmi\u015f ve kutlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu bayram gelene\u011fini di\u011fer baz\u0131 S\u00fcnni gruplar da s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Hatta F\u00e2t\u0131m\u00ee Devleti\u2019nin y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131ndan sonra \u015fenlikler d\u00fczenerek, tatl\u0131 yiyecekler pi\u015firilmi\u015f ve \u0130mam H\u00fcseyin\u2019in A\u015fura g\u00fcn\u00fcnde katledildi\u011fini unutturacak rivayetler uydurulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n \u0130mam H\u00fcseyin\u2019in \u015fehadetinden dolay\u0131 Alevilerin din\u00ee gelene\u011finde \u00f6nemli bir yer tutan \u00e2\u015f\u00fbr\u00e2, ayn\u0131 zamanda, muharremin onuncu g\u00fcn\u00fc ba\u015flamak \u00fczere daha sonraki g\u00fcnlerde de pi\u015firilip da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lan tatl\u0131 \u00e7orbaya (a\u015fure) ad olmu\u015ftur. \u00c7ok eskiden zamanlardan beri devam eden a\u015fure a\u015f\u0131 pi\u015firme gelene\u011fi, Aleviler aras\u0131nda olduk\u00e7a yayg\u0131nd\u0131r. Muharrem ay\u0131n\u0131n birinci g\u00fcn\u00fcnden itibaren ba\u015flad\u0131klar\u0131 ve On iki \u0130mam orucu olarak adland\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131 oru\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 12 g\u00fcn tuttuktan sonra hemen hemen her hanede A\u015fura kazan\u0131 kaynat\u0131l\u0131r ve Kerbela Katliam\u0131ndan sa\u011f olarak kurtulan \u0130mam Zeynelabidin a\u015fk\u0131na t\u00fcm kom\u015fulara da\u011f\u0131t\u0131l\u0131r. K\u00f6ylerde A\u015fure da\u011f\u0131tma i\u015flemi kovalara doldurulan A\u015fura hane hane dola\u015ft\u0131r\u0131larak yap\u0131l\u0131r. Kap\u0131s\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131nan her evden bir tabak istenir ve taba\u011f\u0131n i\u00e7i A\u015fura doldurularak geri verilir. Kap\u0131s\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131nan hane sahibi evde yoksa A\u011fura sahiplerinin beraberlerinde getirdikleri yedek kaplara A\u015fura konulur ve ev sahibinin geldi\u011finde rahatl\u0131kla g\u00f6rece\u011fi bir yere g\u00fcvenli bir \u015fekilde yerle\u015ftirildikten sonra di\u011fer hanelere da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lmaya devam edilir.<\/p>\n Osmanl\u0131lar zaman\u0131nda da devlet g\u00f6revlileri taraf\u0131ndan A\u015fura pi\u015frilip da\u011f\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilinmektedir. Anlat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re; ba\u015fkent \u0130stanbul\u2019da kiler a\u011falar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan haz\u0131rlanan a\u015fura, muharremin onundan itibaren \u201ca\u015fure testisi\u201d ad\u0131 verilen \u00f6zel kaplarla hem saray dairelerine hem de vatanda\u015flara birka\u00e7 g\u00fcn s\u00fcreyle da\u011f\u0131t\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. Bu etkinli\u011fin devlet taraf\u0131ndan yerine getirilmesinde Yeni\u00e7eriler ve Yeni\u00e7erilerin Bekta\u015filik ili\u015fkisi etkin rol oynam\u0131\u015f olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Di\u011fer taraftan Anadolu\u2019da da zengin aileler ve esnaf te\u015fkil\u00e2tlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan A\u015fura pi\u015firilerek, sebilciler ve du\u00e2g\u00fblar e\u015fli\u011finde halk\u0131n i\u015ftirak etti\u011fi merasimlerde vatanda\u015flara da\u011f\u0131t\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. Baz\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerde a\u015fure da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131ndan sonra kurban kesildi\u011finden bahsedilmektedir. Kurban kesme adeti g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde de baz\u0131 Aleviler aras\u0131nda devam etmektedir. 12 y\u0131l aral\u0131ks\u0131z d\u00fczenli olarak Muharrem orucunu tutan ki\u015fi on ikinci y\u0131l\u0131n sonunda Kurban keserek, etini pi\u015firerek veyahut da e\u015fit par\u00e7alara b\u00f6lerek t\u00fcm kom\u015fular\u0131na da\u011f\u0131tmaktad\u0131r. 12 y\u0131l sonunda baz\u0131 olumsuz durumlardan dolay\u0131 kurban kesemeyecek durumda olanlar ise kurban kesecek imk\u00e2n\u0131 yakalayana kadar on ikinci y\u0131l orucunu devam ettirmektedirler.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u00c2\u015f\u00fbr\u00e2 Arap\u00e7a on rakam\u0131yla ili\u015fkili olarak\u00a0a\u015fr\u00a0ve\u00a0\u00e2\u015fir\u00a0kelimelerinden t\u00fcretilmi\u015ftir. Baz\u0131 dilbilimcileri develerin g\u00fcd\u00fclmesi anlam\u0131na gelen Arap\u00e7a\u00a0\u0131\u015fr\u00a0k\u00f6k\u00fcnden t\u00fcredi\u011fini s\u00f6ylemekle birlikte, kabul edilen g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f on say\u0131s\u0131 ile ili\u015fkili oldu\u011fudur. \u00c2\u015f\u00fbr\u00e2n\u0131n k\u00f6keni ile ilgili \u0130slam kaynaklar\u0131ndan birbirinden farkl\u0131 \u00e7ok say\u0131da fikir ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclmektedir. \u00c7o\u011funlu\u011fu varsay\u0131ma dayanan bu fikirlerden \u0130mam H\u00fcseyin\u2019in \u015fehadetiyle ilgisi bulunmayanlardan birincisi; \u00c2\u015f\u00fbr\u00e2n\u0131n, Hz. M\u00fbs\u00e2 ve kavmini […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":2635,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"doc_category":[40],"doc_tag":[],"class_list":["post-2638","docs","type-docs","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","doc_category-dini-toerenler-ve-ibadetler"],"acf":[],"year_month":"2026-10","word_count":1154,"total_views":"2833","reactions":{"happy":"0","normal":"0","sad":"0"},"author_info":{"name":"redaktion","author_nicename":"redaktion","author_url":"https:\/\/alevipedia.org\/tr\/author\/redaktion\/"},"doc_category_info":[{"term_name":"Dini T\u00f6renler ve \u0130badetler","term_url":"https:\/\/alevipedia.org\/tr\/themen-kategorie\/dini-toerenler-ve-ibadetler\/"}],"doc_tag_info":[],"knowledge_base_info":[],"knowledge_base_slug":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/alevipedia.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/2638","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/alevipedia.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/alevipedia.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/docs"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alevipedia.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alevipedia.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2638"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/alevipedia.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/2638\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2639,"href":"https:\/\/alevipedia.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/2638\/revisions\/2639"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alevipedia.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2635"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/alevipedia.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2638"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"doc_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alevipedia.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/doc_category?post=2638"},{"taxonomy":"doc_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alevipedia.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/doc_tag?post=2638"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}