{"id":1465,"date":"2023-12-22T10:07:49","date_gmt":"2023-12-22T09:07:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/alevipedia.org\/aleviler-neden-suenniler-ve-siiler-gibi-namaz-kilmazlar\/"},"modified":"2023-12-22T10:07:49","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T09:07:49","slug":"aleviler-neden-suenniler-ve-siiler-gibi-namaz-kilmazlar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/alevipedia.org\/tr\/aleviler-neden-suenniler-ve-siiler-gibi-namaz-kilmazlar\/","title":{"rendered":"Aleviler neden S\u00fcnniler ve \u015eiiler gibi namaz k\u0131lmazlar?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Fars\u00e7a\u2019da \u201ct\u00e2zim i\u00e7in e\u011filmek, kulluk, ibadet\u201d anlam\u0131na gelen\u00a0<strong>nam\u00e2z<\/strong>, s\u00f6zl\u00fckte \u201cdua etmek, ibadet etmek, ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanma dilemek, yalvarmak\u201d m\u00e2nalar\u0131ndaki Arap\u00e7a\u00a0<strong>sal\u00e2t<\/strong>\u00a0kelimesinin (\u00e7o\u011fulu salav\u00e2t) kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 olarak T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u2019ye ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir. Terim olarak sal\u00e2t tekbirle ba\u015flay\u0131p sel\u00e2mla son bulan, belirli hareket ve s\u00f6zlerden olu\u015fan beden\u00ee ibadeti ifade eder. Namaz ibadetindeki r\u00fck\u00fcnlerin ayn\u0131 zamanda fiil\u00ee ve s\u00f6zl\u00fc bir dua niteli\u011finde olmas\u0131 sal\u00e2t kelimesinin terim ve s\u00f6zl\u00fck anlamlar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkiyi teyit etmektedir. S\u00fcnni\u00a0\u0130sl\u00e2m literat\u00fcrde namaz, \u0130sl\u00e2m\u2019\u0131n be\u015f r\u00fckn\u00fcnden biri olarak kabul edilmektedir. Namaz, S\u00fcnni M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n en \u00f6nemli ortak paydalar\u0131ndan biridir. Namaz ibadeti esas al\u0131narak baz\u0131 inan\u00e7 meselelerinde farkl\u0131 yorumlar\u0131 benimseyen de\u011fi\u015fik mezheplere ba\u011fl\u0131 M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131 ifade etmek \u00fczere; \u201cehl\u00fc\u2019s-sal\u00e2t\u201d (ehl-i sal\u00e2t: namaz ehli) tabirinin kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>S\u00fcnni \u0130slam alg\u0131s\u0131na g\u00f6re bug\u00fcn bilinen \u015fekliyle be\u015f vakit namaz hicretten bir bu\u00e7uk y\u0131l kadar \u00f6nce Mira\u00e7 gecesinde farz k\u0131l\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Rivayete g\u00f6re, ilk olarak namaz elli vakit \u015feklinde farz olmu\u015ftur. Ancak, Hz. Musa mira\u00e7 d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc Hz. Muhammed\u2019i uyar\u0131nca Muhammed tekrar Allah\u2019la g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f ve vakit say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 25 indirtmi\u015ftir. Hz. Musa yine M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar i\u00e7in vakit say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ok fazla oldu\u011fu vurgusunu yap\u0131nca, Hz. Muhammed vakit say\u0131s\u0131 5\u2019e inene kadar iki defa daha Allah\u2019tan ricada bulunmu\u015ftur. Bu anlat\u0131 kendi i\u00e7erisinde sorunlu g\u00f6z\u00fckmekle birlikte S\u00fcnni M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar taraf\u0131ndan be\u015f vakit namaz\u0131n kayna\u011f\u0131 olarak kabul edilmektedir.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e2hiliye Araplar\u0131n\u0131n da namaz k\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cOnlar\u0131n (m\u00fc\u015frikler) sal\u00e2t\u0131 \u0131sl\u0131k \u00e7almak ve alk\u0131\u015flamaktan ibarettir\u201d me\u00e2lindeki \u00e2yette ge\u00e7en (el-Enf\u00e2l 8\/35) \u201csal\u00e2t\u201d kelimesinden anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla namaz \u0130slam \u00f6ncesi Araplar\u0131n da uygulad\u0131klar\u0131 bir ibadet tarz\u0131d\u0131r. Namaz\u0131n nas\u0131l k\u0131l\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fine dair Kur\u2019an\u2019da ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bilgi verilmemekle birlikte \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00e2yetlerde k\u0131raat (el-M\u00fczzemmil 73\/20), k\u0131yam (el-Bakara 2\/238), ka\u2018de (\u00c2l-i \u0130mr\u00e2n 3\/191), k\u0131ble (el-Bakara 2\/144), abdest (el-M\u00e2ide 5\/6), r\u00fck\u00fb ve secde (el-Hac 22\/77) gibi namaz\u0131n baz\u0131 \u015fartlar\u0131na ve r\u00fck\u00fcnlerine i\u015faret edilmi\u015ftir.\u00a0\u0130lk M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n Mekke i\u00e7inde gizli yer bulamad\u0131klar\u0131nda \u015fehir d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p \u0131ss\u0131z yerlerde veyahut da mescid haline getirdikleri Erkam adl\u0131 sah\u00e2b\u00eenin evinde namaz k\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 anlat\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>\u015eii ve S\u00fcnni M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar g\u00fcn\u00fcn belli vakitlerinde ve tam olarak birbirinin ayn\u0131s\u0131 olmasa da benzer \u015fekillerde namaz k\u0131lmaktad\u0131rlar. Aleviler de dahil olmak \u00fczere b\u00fct\u00fcn M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar namaz\u0131n bir ibadet \u015fekli oldu\u011fu hususunda hemfikirdir. Ancak Aleviler bu ibadet tarz\u0131n\u0131n bir \u015fekle sokulup belli zamanlarla s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 hususunda farkl\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmektedirler. Onlara g\u00f6re Tanr\u0131ya y\u00f6nelik ibadet birtak\u0131m k\u0131staslarla s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu hususta H\u0131z\u0131r ile \u00e7oban aras\u0131nda ge\u00e7ti\u011fi rivayet edilen bir k\u0131ssa anlat\u0131l\u0131r. S\u00f6ylenceye g\u00f6re H\u0131z\u0131r, bir g\u00fcn bir \u00e7obanla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131r. \u00c7oban ye\u015fil \u00e7ay\u0131rlar \u00fczerinde yuvarlanmaktad\u0131r. H\u0131z\u0131r \u00e7oban\u0131n yan\u0131na yakla\u015farak ne yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sorar. \u00c7oban \u201cAllah\u2019a ibadet ediyorum\u201d \u015feklinde cevap verir. Bunun \u00fczerine H\u0131z\u0131r, \u00e7obana \u201co \u015fekilde ibadet edilmez\u201d diyerek, nas\u0131l ibadet edilmesi gerekti\u011fini anlat\u0131r. \u00c7oban\u0131n anlat\u0131lanlar\u0131 anlad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan emin olduktan sonra da oradan ayr\u0131larak, yak\u0131ndaki g\u00f6l\u00fcn \u00fczerinde y\u00fcr\u00fcyerek uzakla\u015fmaya ba\u015flar. Ancak \u00e7oban H\u0131z\u0131r\u2019\u0131n kendisine anlatt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131sa s\u00fcre i\u00e7erisinde unutur ve H\u0131z\u0131r\u2019\u0131n ard\u0131ndan ko\u015fmaya ba\u015flar. H\u0131z\u0131r\u2019\u0131n ard\u0131ndan \u201chele bir dur, \u015fu ibadet \u015feklini bana yeniden anlat\u201d diyerek ba\u011f\u0131r\u0131r. H\u0131z\u0131r arkas\u0131n\u0131 d\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde, \u00e7oban\u0131n u\u00e7arak kendine do\u011fru yakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcr ve ona; \u201cgit bildi\u011fin gibi yap\u201d diye seslenir.<\/p>\n<p>Aleviler de ibadeti bu boyutuyla ele almakta ve belli bir \u015fekille s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131rmamaktad\u0131rlar. Ancak namaz\u0131n r\u00fck\u00fcnlerinden olan k\u0131yam, k\u0131raat, r\u00fck\u00fb ve s\u00fccut gibi \u015fartlar\u0131 cem ibadetlerinde her daim yerine getirirler. Onlar S\u00fcnni ve \u015eiilerin k\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 namaz\u0131 zahiri bir ibadet tarz\u0131 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcrler ve ona bat\u0131ni anlam y\u00fckleyerek \u015fekilcilikten ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131rlar. Evet Aleviler, \u015eii ve S\u00fcnniler gibi namaz k\u0131lmazlar, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u015eii veya S\u00fcnni de\u011fildirler. Ancak namazdan kas\u0131t Tanr\u0131ya ibadet etmekse, Aleviler Tanr\u0131ya t\u0131pk\u0131 H\u0131z\u0131r k\u0131ssas\u0131ndaki \u00e7oban gibi ibadet etmektedirler. Bu durumda y\u00fczlerce y\u0131ld\u0131r i\u00e7inde bulunduklar\u0131 ya\u015fam ko\u015fullar\u0131 da etkili olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Fars\u00e7a\u2019da \u201ct\u00e2zim i\u00e7in e\u011filmek, kulluk, ibadet\u201d anlam\u0131na gelen\u00a0nam\u00e2z, s\u00f6zl\u00fckte \u201cdua etmek, ibadet etmek, ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanma dilemek, yalvarmak\u201d m\u00e2nalar\u0131ndaki Arap\u00e7a\u00a0sal\u00e2t\u00a0kelimesinin (\u00e7o\u011fulu salav\u00e2t) kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 olarak T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u2019ye ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir. Terim olarak sal\u00e2t tekbirle ba\u015flay\u0131p sel\u00e2mla son bulan, belirli hareket ve s\u00f6zlerden olu\u015fan beden\u00ee ibadeti ifade eder. Namaz ibadetindeki r\u00fck\u00fcnlerin ayn\u0131 zamanda fiil\u00ee ve s\u00f6zl\u00fc bir dua niteli\u011finde olmas\u0131 sal\u00e2t kelimesinin [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[46],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1465","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-faq-tr"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/alevipedia.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1465","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/alevipedia.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/alevipedia.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alevipedia.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alevipedia.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1465"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/alevipedia.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1465\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/alevipedia.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1465"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alevipedia.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1465"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alevipedia.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1465"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}